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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋam | om nenč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋat | ot nenč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋeš | ok/ogeš nenč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na nenč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da nenč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑t | ogə̑t nenč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋə̑m | šə̑m nenč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ nenč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋe | ə̑š nenč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋna | ə̑šna nenč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋda | ə̑šda nenč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑č́ | ə̑št nenč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nam | nenč́aŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nat | nenč́aŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋə̑n | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nna | nenč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nda | nenč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nə̑t | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋam ə̑l'e | om nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋat ə̑l'e | ot nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋam ulmaš | om nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋat ulmaš | ot nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋə̑n ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nam ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋə̑nat ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋə̑n ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nna ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nda ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | nenč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋ | it nenč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋže | ə̑nže nenč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | (nenč́aŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na nenč́aŋ) |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋza | ida nenč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št nenč́aŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋnem | ə̑nem nenč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋnet | ə̑net nenč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋneže | ə̑než nenč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋnena | ə̑nena nenč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋneda | ə̑neda nenč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋnešt | ə̑nešt nenč́aŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nenč́aŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nenč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt nenč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nenč́aŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nenč́aŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | nenč́aŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nenč́aŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt nenč́aŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | nenč́aŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | nenč́aŋman |
| Active participle: | nenč́aŋše |
| Passive participle: | nenč́aŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | nenč́aŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | nenč́aŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | nenč́aŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | nenč́aŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | nenč́aŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | nenč́aŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | nenč́aŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | nenč́aŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | nenč́aŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||